What defines post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined as an anxiety disorder that can develop after an individual has been exposed to a traumatic event. This exposure may involve experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening situation or severe emotional distress. The defining features of PTSD include symptoms such as intrusive memories, avoidance of reminders of the trauma, negative changes in thoughts and mood, and heightened arousal reactions, such as increased startle response or hypervigilance.

In distinguishing PTSD from other mental health conditions, it’s essential to note that it specifically arises in the aftermath of trauma, which sets it apart from adjustment disorders that may occur due to stress but do not necessarily stem from a traumatic experience. Similarly, mood disorders like depression are characterized by persistent sadness and not specifically linked to past trauma, and behavioral disorders primarily center on developmental issues rather than trauma-induced anxiety responses. Thus, understanding PTSD's relationship to traumatic events is crucial for accurate identification and treatment.